Street-Smart Language Learning's most popular posts in 2010

As we head into 2011, I thought I'd take a quick look back at which 2010 posts you, the readers of this blog, read the most over the past year (well, actually since April when I added Google Analytics, but who's counting?). Without further ado, here are 2010's ten most-read posts on this blog:

10. Anki + RhinoSpike = Utter awesomeness: Copy and paste MP3's URL and Anki does the rest. An explanation of how Anki, a spaced-repetition learning system, can automatically add audio recordings from RhinoSpike or any URL to flashcards.

9. Rosetta Stone teaches Michael Phelps grammatical gender in genderless Chinese. One of my personal favorites, watch an eager-to-please Michael Phelps flub being a paid sponsor for Rosetta Stone.

8. Are high school students wasting time learning foreign languages?, covering a few articles on how ineffective high-school and college language learning is in the U.S.

7. Double your learning with practice + exposure as compared to practice alone, discussing the research that led to that conclusion.

6. Get audio recordings of any foreign language text for free, which explains how to get free audio recordings using RhinoSpike.

5. Getting to Grammar: Learn grammar through an ad hoc spaced-repetition system. An explanation of my ad hoc spaced-repetition system for learning grammar.

4. Use music, TV, movies, radio and the internet to ingrain your target language in your brain. A guest post by Susanna Zaraysky, where she explains some of the tips from her book, Language is Music.

And a drum roll for the top three, after the jump...

Google Goggles: Take a pic of words, convert to text and then translate using Google translate

After Benny mentioned Google Goggles in the comments of my post on QuestVisual's Word Lens app, I decided that I was going to have to check the app out.

The basic idea behind Google Goggles—at least as far as language learning goes (it does a bunch of other stuff too)—is that you use your smartphone's camera to get a picture of something written, which the app then converts to text and lets you translate via Google Translate. Due to its apparent limitations on the use of Japanese, I unfortunately didn't find it to be very useful.

How to say "Merry Christmas" in 10 languages

My daughter and I decided to tackle "Merry Christmas" in 8 languages (Chinese, English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese, and Spanish) in this video:



The song you hear in the background is of course Feliz Navidad by José Feliciano, with lyrics in Spanish and English.

And because no one wants to learn how to say something from a non-native speaker, and because I needed two more languages to round out to 10 (the above plus Korean and Russian), I went ahead and got recordings from native speakers on RhinoSpike, which you'll find after the jump.

Point your iPhone's cam at text and get an immediate in-image translation

If any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic, I've got some language-learning magic for you (via Master of 500 Hats). QuestVisual's Word Lens app for the iPhone allows you to point your iPhone's camera at text and it's automatically translated to another language - in your iPhone's screen right before your very eyes, as if what you're seeing through the camera were actually written in the translated language.

My words don't do it justice. Behold:

Wanna be a CEO? You'll need to speak at least two languages

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) thinks you're going to have a hard time becoming a CEO, but those of us who can speak a foreign language will have a leg up. From CBS Money Watch:

The BLS projects that there will be 5,500 fewer CEOs by 2018. To boost your odds, consider Rosetta Stone; CEO candidates should be fluent in at least two languages, says Patricia Tate of the BLS. So if you speak Spanish, Arabic, or Chinese, félicitations.

I'd say that they're dead on about the economic utility of languages, but I guess CBS didn't get the memo that Rosetta Stone alone is pretty unlikely to make you fluent.

Lyrics to "Santa Claus Is Coming to Town" in Chinese 圣诞老人进城的歌词

A little bit ago I pointed you to a collection of Chinese Christmas songs, but noted that I'd been unsuccessful in tracking down the lyrics. Well, a Chinese friend of mine (谢你啊!) helped me track down the lyrics to the Chinese version of Santa Claus is Coming to Town (圣诞老人进城). So, without further ado, here they are:

Chinese	Pinyin	English
嘿小朋友，你不要怕	Hēi xiǎopéngyou, nǐ búyào pà	Hey, kid, don't you worry
圣诞老人进城了	Shèngdànlǎorén jìn chéng le	Santa Claus is coming to town
带来礼物，带来欢笑	Dàilái lǐwù, dàilái huānxiào	To bring presents and to bring cheer
赠送给你小朋友	Zèngsòng gěi nǐ, xiǎopéngyou	He'll give you presents, kid
爱学习乖宝宝	Ài xuéxí guāi bǎobǎo	Good kid who loves studying
礼物给他一大包	Lǐwù gěi tā yī dà bāo	He gives him a sack of presents
礼物给他一大包	Lǐwù gěi tā yī dà bāo	He gives him a sack of presents

The two stanzas repeat a bunch of times, and at the end they repeat the last line of the first stanza a bunch of times.

Are video games hurting your learning?

That looks like it might be the case. From the New York TImes:

The researchers looked at how the use of these media affected the boys’ brainwave patterns while sleeping and their ability to remember their homework in the subsequent days. They found that playing video games led to markedly lower sleep quality than watching TV, and also led to a “significant decline” in the boys’ ability to remember vocabulary words.

So video game use up, vocab retention down. Definitely not good for a language learner, but I'd like to see what happens when that video game is in your target language. That could very well turn these results on their head.

Pavlovian bowing

I had a bit of a strange experience when walking to work last week. I was passing some guy on my left when he bowed at a person who must have been right behind me and said "あ、どうも、おはようございます" ("Oh! Good morning!"). I was looking forward and, out of the corner of my eye, it kind of looked like he was bowing at me. Before I had time to even consciously register what I was doing, I was already leaning in to bow back. It was only then that I turned my eyes towards him to see him looking towards someone behind me, and thought how odd my reflexive action was.

I think that was the body language equivalent of the automatic reply of "Hi!" when someone says "Hi!" to you. You often don't even think about it before it comes out.

In learning a foreign language, it's exactly that kind of thing that you should be striving for—in both spoken and body language (which of course is an integral part of learning a language); common social communications should ultimately be coming out so naturally that it's almost Pavlovian. And it's no less true if it means that you end up half bowing to random people on the street.

Double your learning with practice + exposure as compared to practice alone

ScienceDaily is reporting a finding that seems to show how to learn more with less effort:

Beverly Wright, first author of a study in the Sept. 22 Journal of Neuroscience and communication sciences and disorders professor at Northwestern [says] "Our work suggests that you can have the same gain in learning with substantially less pain." … [The findings] hold potential for members of the general population with an interest in enhancing perceptual abilities -- for musicians seeking to sharpen their sensitivity to sound, people studying a second language or physicians learning to tell the difference between regular and irregular heartbeats.

People studying a second language, you say? So what is this learning sweet spot exactly?

My Dad Is Li Gang!

About a month ago in China, a drunk driver struck two people, injuring one and killing the other. The incident would have been just another tragic tale of drunk driving but for what happened when the driver was apprehended. The New York Times:

The 22-year-old driver, who was intoxicated, tried to speed away. Security guards intercepted him, but he was undeterred. He warned them, “My father is Li Gang!”

The driver was Li Qiming, whose father, Li Gang, is a deputy police chief. The incident now has its own Wikipedia page and is known as the "Li Gang" incident.

Chinese Christmas music

I may be jumping the gun a bit here this year, but if you've ever been in the market for Chinese Christmas songs, you've probably run across Sinosplice's collection that John put together a few years back here. I came across his mix today as a compromise solution when my wife wanted to listen to Christmas music and my daughter wanted to listen to Chinese music.

My daughter has become particularly fond of track 3, a Chinese rendition of Santa Claus is Coming to Town, and has been singing it all day (and listening to it all day, in the way that only kids can seem to listen to the same track over and over again). In any case, it's providing a good dose of Chinese exposure that she wouldn't otherwise be getting.

I did a precursory look around the internet for more Chinese Christmas songs, but wasn't able to turn up anything with ease, and I wasn't able to easily track down the lyrics either, so if anyone can turn up either more Chinese Christmas songs or the lyrics to the songs that John has up there, I'd love to hear from you.

Autonomy, mastery, purpose

Dan Pink's insights about motivation, as found in the two videos below, are focused on how to improve business productivity, and they seem applicable to language learning as well.

His basic argument is that productivity goes down for activities requiring even a rudimentary amount of cognitive ability (e.g., language learning) when the primary motivators are extrinsic (e.g., a monetary bonus) as opposed to intrinsic. And this all appears to be backed by some 40 years of research.

So what are the intrinsic factors that increase productivity? Autonomy, mastery and purpose. As Dan's puts it, "autonomy is our desire to be self-directed" and "mastery is our urge to get better at stuff". Having a purpose means some kind of transcendent purpose our actions our working towards.

Applying this to language learning? Autonomy as a motivator seems to jive quite well with my inclination to avoid classes; very few classes could ever be called "autonomous". It also jives quite well with lots of people's advice to get exposure to the language however you want (e.g., through comics or movies, as opposed to through some rigid curriculum).

Mastery is a no-brainer when you're talking about language learning or simply learning in general; you should by the nature of the activity be getting better.

Applying Dan's idea of purpose might be a little harder. Grades, as an extrinsic motivator, would run afoul of Dan's ideas about motivation and I imagine that he wouldn't be surprised in that it doesn't lead to great productivity in language learning.

On the other hand, I look at what my own purpose has been in language learning, and it's primarily been economic; I learned the languages I learned because I thought they would be economically useful for me. Perhaps that's part of a more transcendent purpose of providing for my family or the like, or perhaps I was actually just motivated by wanting to communicate with people. The latter would make sense given that I've only ever gotten good at the languages in the countries I've been in.

The videos, after the jump.

Use music, TV, movies, radio and the internet to ingrain your target language in your brain

The following is a guest post by Susanna Zaraysky, author of Language is Music, of which I recently received a free review copy. Susanna speaks seven languages (English, Russian, French, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, and Serbo-Croatian) and has also studied Hungarian, Hebrew, and Arabic. She has taught English in Argentina, Bosnia, and the United States.

Who remembers a TV commercial jingle from their childhood better than what their spouse or parent told them to get at the grocery store yesterday?

We can all remember certain melodies and songs better than we can rattle off a list of vocabulary words or pronunciation rules our teacher taught us in French class this morning.

I broke my CD player replaying the difficult guttural sounds from my Al Kitaab pronunciation CD for Arabic. I had to press rewind so many times to hear the letters and pronounce them. I would have been better off listening to a fun Egyptian Arabic pop song by Amr Diab and registering those sounds to a melody rather than learning them in isolation on my CD player.

Music imprints sounds in our memory much better than a pronunciation lesson in class or a CD that ends up breaking our CD player from overuse.

Music is an essential element of the human condition. Neuroscientists have shown that music engages more parts of our brain than language. Some stroke survivors can sing and dance to music but can barely speak. Music gets deep into our psyche and memory. It sticks. Conjugation charts and vocabulary lists don’t stick. (Read Dr. Oliver Sacks’ Musicophilia for more information on how music effects the brain. This book made me realize how I learned languages using music.)

Harness the power of music to make foreign languages stick.

I know how powerful music is because I studied 10 languages and speak seven (Russian, English, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Serbo-Croatian, and French) with perfect or almost perfect accents. I was able to do this because I listened to language like music and internalized the prosody and melodies of the languages. I also studied grammar, but it’s a lot easier and more fun to study grammar rules when you actually like the language you are learning. Plus, you remember the grammar rules better when you know verses from songs that display these rules, irregular verb conjugations, idioms, etc.

Unfortunately, many foreign language classes focus primarily on written exercises and rote memorization. Some people who try to learn on their own bury themselves in grammar books only to find themselves unable to speak well and comprehend native speakers. I’ve met people who have spent more time than I have studying in a language class or on their own. But when we were in the country where our target language was spoken, they were almost inept at speaking and understanding, while I was conversing freely with native speakers. Why? I used music and media in the target language to make the language part of my life.

Below are some suggestions from the over 70 tips in my book, Language is Music, on how to put the fun in language learning using music, TV, radio, movies, the internet, and other free and low-cost resources.

Language Hacking Guide review: Great guide for conversation, but no focus on reading or writing

I think I developed a crick in my neck while reading Benny's Language Hacking Guide from nodding my head in agreement so much. Although we took very different language-learning paths, it was clear while reading his book that the strategies we'd each came up with separately are very similar. While I can't say that I agree with him on every point (and I'll highlight some of those disagreements below), his book is definitely full of great strategies that, if implemented, will surely increase your ability to converse in your target language.

However, his book purposefully focuses on only two of the pillars that hold up the language temple: speaking (especially speaking) and listening. Writing and reading have been consciously ignored (although you'll certainly make some gains in both writing and reading by following the advice in the guide). Here's how Benny describes his take on writing, which I presume applies even more to reading:

Writing is not social enough for me to care about it. For people with academic or professional goals for their languages then my guide isn't for them. For people who want to improve their relationships with natives, then some of my tips help and I intentionally didn't discuss improving writing skills because of this. [I don't] care about [my] writing level…

So if you're looking for an all-in-one guide to tell you how to improve your speaking and listening and reading and writing, as Benny says, his guide isn't for you. Following the Language Hacking Guide, the gains made in writing and reading are really just incidental to the gains made in speaking and listening. For a book that purports to be a language hacking guide rather than a foreign-language conversation hacking guide, this is the only major issue I'd note.

Nevertheless, given that most language learners seem to pull off the reading/writing side better than the speaking/listening side, I'm not sure that this is a wholly bad thing, as long as you know not to expect much advice on reading and writing.

A good chunk of the book actually has application far beyond language learning: maintaining a positive mentality, staying motivated, being productive, moving from introversion to extroversion, etc. I feel like he could delete the language-learning references and turn the book into some kind of general self-help guide, but as those are definitely things that are helpful in learning a language, they're well placed in the guide. And, to echo another review, Benny's enthusiasm bursts through and it's hard to not be excited about going out and speaking a language after reading the guide. And let's not forget the numerous moments of humor to be found.

Turning away from the content itself, the guide is a pretty-pricy $39 (and will be going up to $49 at some point). It's advertised as over 200 pages long, but that's in slide format (i.e., like PowerPoint slides); the printer-friendly PDF version of the main text of the guide that comes with the package weighs in at only 55 pages, as opposed to the 195-page slide version of the main text. That was actually good news for me; a 200+ page book would be a bit more weighty than I'd expect from a guide, but it was in fact a breezy read. The whole package consists of the main text of the Language Hacking Guide (195 pages in slide format, 55 pages in printer-friendly PDF format, and an ePub version that prints out as 123 pages on my computer), 6 worksheets, a list of "conversational connectors", and over three hours of audio interviews.

So what's the bottom line? I strongly recommend this guide for anyone who wants to learn how to speak and learn how to speak quickly, although you might want to consider something else if your focus is on improving your writing and reading. (Disclosure: Benny traded me a copy of his guide for a copy of our book once it comes out, so while I didn't exactly get it for free, I didn't shell out the $39 either. I'm also participating in Benny's affiliate program, so if you click on a link to the Language Hacking Guide on this site and then buy it, you'll be giving $23.40 of that $39 to me (you can always click here to give it all to Benny).)

For the rest of this review, I'd like to look at a number of specific points in Benny's book, which I've put in three groups based on my own opinion of them: agree, agree but I'd add more, and disagree.

Lulzes from Benny's Language Hacking Guide

As you might know, I've been reading through Benny's Language Hacking Guide. I hope to post my full review of it later today, but for now I thought I'd share a few of the highlights of one of the things I enjoyed while reading the book: its humor.

Using vocab reps to put my son back to sleep

My two-year-old son often wakes up in the night to discover that he's rolled away from us. Not liking that, he'll start to cry. If he gets himself too worked up, it can be a pain to put him back to sleep. But there's a little trick that we've discovered that works like magic.

If you say a word he knows, he repeats it. If you keep saying words he knows, he'll keep repeating you. He'll do this until he falls back asleep—often mid-word.

Convert more of your time to target language time

Native-language time vs. target language time is a zero-sum game. Though not as nerdy as this zero-sum game (which, btw, is available in numerous languages).

Continuing my posts inspired by Benny's Language Hacking Guide, Benny and I both clearly agree that there is a lot of time that can be reclaimed during your day that can be put towards language learning. He covers it in a chapter called "Making Time" (p. 159), while the current manuscript of our book has it under "Maximize time spent getting exposed to the target language" (Benny wins in the "punchy titles" category).

The basic idea that both of us describe is taking a look at any time you have during the day and seeing if you can eke more target language time out of it. This means converting dead time into target language time and converting time used for other languages into target language time.

To give you an example of how you might want to look at your time, let me show you how I currently apply the analysis to myself.

The three milestones in learning a foreign-language accent

When learning a language, your accent will go through at most three stages, as shown here:

In the worst-case scenario, you'll start with most of your speech being unintelligible, i.e., native speakers don't know what you're saying. This is more like if you're going from, say, English to Chinese than, say, Spanish to Italian.

If your accent does start out unintelligible, it won't stay that way for long. Once you start speaking (and this should be happening early and often), you'll quickly reach the next milestone of most of your speech being intelligible, i.e., native speakers know what you're saying, even though your accent might very well be extremely strong.

Then it's time to get settled in for a bit, because the path between merely being intelligible and sounding like a native is often a long one. Over the course of plenty of speaking, you should be able to push your accent forward. As you get closer to sounding like a native, you'll probably need more concerted efforts (as opposed to merely speaking) to work out the kinks, but doing so will get you closer and closer to the native milestone.

That said, there's not necessarily a need to sound like a native. If you can do everything you need to do after the intelligible milestone but before the native milestone, then you could very will be happy with leaving it at that.

Grammarly responds to complaints about not disclosing their pricing

This post is part of a four-part series on Grammarly.

1. Grammarly: Misleading website kills my desire to learn about their service
2. Grammarly responds to my claim that their website is misleading
3. Grammarly: Impressive response to complaints reignites my desire to learn about their service
4. Grammarly responds to complaints about not disclosing their pricing

Additionally, you'll find my review of Grammarly for English-learning purposes here.

After I put up the post regarding Grammarly's response to the complaints raised on this blog, Max Lytvyn, one of Grammarly's founders, wrote back once again, which started another email back-and-forth, with pricing being the main focus this time.

In short, while Grammarly intends to make it easier to get pricing information without first providing contact information, Max defends their existing system based on industry norms and their need to figure out which users are entitled to discounts due to Grammarly having agreements with their schools, etc. I argue that they can meet this requirement and still be upfront about it.

How to learn Japanese without saying a word

If you came here to find the secret sauce for doing what the title suggests, I hate to disappoint by telling you that you'll actually need to say lots of words to learn Japanese. However, you'll also have to learn some things that aren't exactly words as we typically think of them. I'll let Ken Tanaka and Remy February enlighten you on a few of these.





As a bonus, Ken Tanaka and Remy February will also enlighten you about the restaurant chain affectionately known as ファキン Fakin . I'll warn you now that Fakin is not pronounced like "fakin'" in English, and the video plays on the word's similarity to a certain obscenity in English. Proceed at your own risk.

Write a blog, but write it in your target language

In Benny's Language Hacking Guide, he recommends writing a blog (p. 51).

There's just one massive problem with his suggestion.

He suggests you do it in your native language.

There is no such thing as "difficult" in language learning

Not applicable to languages.

I'm currently reading through Benny's Language Hacking Guide, and one of the points he makes is that he labels language issues as "different" instead of "difficult" (p. 30). This is dead on.

If a five-year-old native speaker can figure it out, you can too. And they usually can. When I took Russian back in high school, my teacher told us that five-year-old kids were doing just fine with many of the cases that foreign learners struggle with. And I can tell you that my own five-year-old daughter is doing just fine with Japanese, English, and Chinese. If you're reading this, I'm pretty sure your cognitive abilities are superior to just about any five-year-old, and if they can do it, you can too.

When something is different, it means you need to spend some time to figure it out. Depending on how different something is, the amount of time you need to spend will vary. Saying something is "difficult" is really just drawing an arbitrary line in that amount of time and considering anything past that line to be difficult.

But it's not difficult (remember the five-year-olds). It's just takes more time.

There is no such thing as "difficult" in language learning.

Pic from tacodelgato on Flickr / CC BY-ND 2.0

Language learning by the images

I'm a big fan of using graphics to convey messages, and of course I like to include them on this blog. The following is a collection of recent graphics used here. Click on an image to see the original post.

Are females better at learning foreign languages?

This lady's mad language skilz have failed to impress her friend.

It looks like babies aren't the only ones we guys should be jealous of for their language abilities. According to Cracked:

The areas of the brain responsible for language are over 17 percent larger in women than men, making them the well-hung studs in the horse stables of conversation. Not content to just be bigger, women's brains also multi-task; processing language in both hemispheres while men generally keep the conversation going with just the dominant side of the brain.

Looking at children learning their native language, The Scientific American adds this:

Girls completing a linguistic abilities task showed greater activity in brain areas implicated specifically in language encoding, which decipher information abstractly. Boys, on the other hand, showed a lot of activity in regions tied to visual and auditory functions, depending on the way the words were presented during the exercise.

If you don't trust Cracked as a source (and, really, why would you?), and if The Scientific American still isn't enough, how about the National Center for Biotechnology Information? They write:

Our results suggest that females have proportionally larger Wernicke and Broca language-associated regions compared with males. These anatomical differences may correlate with superior language skills previously demonstrated in females.

Translation? While dudes may drive better (sorry, ladies, Cracked told me so), the ladies got some mad language skills that men just can't match.

Here's the thing though: these studies seem to be focusing on native-language acquisition. I did some quick Googling around, but I couldn't find anything that provided any convincing evidence of the same for foreign languages. Does the same apply?

Babies are masters of the world's consonants and vowels

"I so pwn u." —Baby

Think you're a good language learning? You ain't got nothing on a baby. From LiveScience:

At a few days old, infants can pick out their native tongue from a foreign one.

They can't even see clearly across a room, and they're already figuring languages out.

"Big deal," you say? You can recognize your own language easily? Well, how about this one?

Infants can recognize the consonants and vowels of all languages on Earth, and they can hear the difference between foreign language sounds that elude most adults.

That's right. All languages on Earth. Those weird D variations in Hindu. If you're Japanese, Ls and Rs. If you're Hunanese, Ls and Ns. Run into a pronunciation you just can't get? It's so easy a baby could do it. So no more excuses from you.

Well, except that your mind works a little different from a baby's, so you might want to take a tactic that's slightly different from lying around cooing and crying.

Pic from _nezemnaya_ on Flickr | CC BY-ND 2.0

When and how to use paid online tutors for language learning

The following is a guest post by Milena Mitic, a native-Serbian speaker who also speaks English and is actively studying Chinese, Russian, and Spanish. In the comments to an earlier post, she noted how she has been making use of various paid online tutors for language learning. As I’ve never used any paid online tutors myself, I was interested in hearing about her experiences, so I asked her if she would write a guest post on the topic, and she kindly agreed.

It took me a while to discover that something very interesting is going on in the world of teaching; although I’ve been a heavy internet user for many years, I found out about online tutoring just six months ago. It is comforting to see that I’m not the only one who was completely oblivious of this revolution in teaching; many people think, when I mention online classes, that I’m talking about recorded sessions and not live interaction with a tutor who just happens to be on the other side of the world. So, just to make it clear, in case anyone still has any doubts, paid online tutoring works just like paid “offline” tutoring; you just use Skype or virtual classrooms instead of going to evening classes or meeting your tutor face to face.

These virtual classrooms are basically platforms offered on various online tutoring websites, like eduFire or WiZiQ, where you and your teacher can have voice and video chat, as well as sharing a “blackboard” and the presentations and documents that you are using during the class. Both of you can make changes to these documents (typing, drawing, highlighting, etc.) and both of you can see what the other person is doing. Some websites, like the Spanish-teaching 121Speech, use Skype + Google Docs for their classes, and this works very well too. You can then save the notes from the classes to go through them later. These virtual classrooms offer a possibility of one-on-one as well as one-on-many classes.

Some of you might be asking why use a paid online tutor when you are already on the internet where, as we all know, variations of everything can be found for free ☺. Well, in my opinion, there are situations where paid tutoring is a better choice.

What good grammar checkers are out there for foreign languages?

I just did a review of Grammarly, a grammar checker for English. In the comments on that post, for French, Damian recommended BonPatron (short texts are free, and the pro version is €9.99) and Antidote ($69).

Milena asked for suggestions in Spanish and Russian in another comment on that post. I've never made much use of grammar checkers, but, as I noted in my review of Grammarly, they could be quite useful. Accordingly, I'd like to broaden Milena's request: do you know of any other good grammar checkers in any language (including English)? If so, please drop a line in the comments!

Motivation is crucial in language learning, but must be considered together with efficiency

If you're not motivated to learn a language, you won't spend time learning a language. If you don't spend time learning a language, you won't learn a language. So no motivation means no learning.

It's pretty much just that simple, but let me add a corollary to the rule: if doing something is going to kill your motivation to learn a language, stop doing it. This gives you a free pass to ignore any language-learning suggestions (including, of course, my own) that would kill your motivation.

But if something is only going to damage your motivation and thus merely reduce the time you spend learning languages, you need to consider how much more efficient that thing is before giving it the old heave-ho.

Grammarly review: Most useful for advanced English learners, but has tough competition from free sites

Grammarly bills itself as "the best grammar checker and proofreader" for English-language documents. They've provided me with a free premium account (which I'll be giving away to a reader this upcoming week; if you want to be that reader, click here) to review.

To summarize, Grammarly is only going to be of use to more advanced English learners, due to the fact that (1) its engine aims at correcting native speakers' mistakes, not those of non-native speakers, and (2) all of its explanations are in English. So if your mistakes are somewhere in the ballpark of a native speaker's (and many advanced learners' mistakes are), and you can understand their explanations, then you're in good shape to make use of Grammarly. However, given the free corrections you can get on sites like Lang-8, it's probably not necessary for most language learners to invest in a premium account on Grammarly.

When starting a language, strike a balance between reading/listening and speaking/writing

When learning a foreign language, what you can write and speak is a subset of what you can understand when reading and listening; you simply can't write or speak something that you haven't already put in your head through reading or listening.

If you emphasize reading and listening, then what you can understand when reading and listening will increase more quickly than what you can write and speak. On the other hand, if you emphasize writing and speaking, then what you can write and speak will increase more quickly than what you can understand when reading and listening. This can be summed up in the following chart:

Looking at this chart, it's easy to see how you can only expand your writing and speaking as far as your ability to understand when reading and listening. As your writing and speaking approaches the limits of what you can understand when reading and listening, you need to expand what you understand when reading and listening. Otherwise, your writing and speaking will stagnate.

This, however, hardly means that you should focus on reading and listening while pushing off writing and speaking to some amorphous point in the future.

Trying to learn grammar primarily through exposure is inefficient

Imagine that someone gives you a cake and tells you to figure out how to make the same cake. A trained chef might be able to do that just by looking at the end product, but most people wouldn't stand a chance. Let's say they then give you all the ingredients you need to make the cake and then ask you to do the same thing. Making this cake would be cake (painful pun intended) for a trained chef, but the average person still wouldn't be likely to make anything close to the original cake. Now let's say they give you instructions for making the cake as well. The chef could probably pull off the exact same cake and the average person could probably get pretty close as well.

Now replace the cake with a language, the trained chef with a polyglot, ingredients with vocabulary, and instructions with grammar rules, and it holds up just the same; you need the grammar rules to bring it all together, and getting them quickly will help you bring it all together quickly.

I noted in an earlier post that the process of improving your language ability is fundamentally the same for each component of the language. The first two steps consist of identifying something you don't know and then figuring it out.

In my debate on how to approach grammar with Steve Kaufmann, I argued that his method for learning grammar is slower than mine. His approach to figuring out the things he doesn't know is one of the main reasons I think his method is slower.

Let's illustrate this with some imagery.

Scientists: Speaking multiple languages gives your brain a turbo boost

Hey, you, polyglot: has anyone told you how awesome you are today? No? Then David Marsh, specialized planner at the Continuing Professional Development Centre of Jyväskylä University in Finland, can take care of that for you:

[T]he ability to use more than one language brings an individual a considerable advantage…

[E]specially the research conducted within neurosciences offers an increasing amount of strong evidence of versatile knowledge of languages being beneficial for the usage of an individual's brain…

[The] six main areas where multilingualism and hence the mastery of complex processes of thought seem to put people in advantage … include learning in general, complex thinking and creativity, mental flexibility, interpersonal and communication skills, and even a possible delay in the onset of age-related mental diminishment later in life…

[T]he multilingual shows superior performance in handling complex and demanding problem-solving tasks when compared to monolinguals…

[I]t is likely that multilingualism produces a special advantage in utilizing a person's brain capacity as creatively as possible.

Grammarly: Want a free, year-long subscription to Grammarly? Leave a comment on this post.

Sorry, but you're too late to get a free subscription to Grammarly! Lang-8 user Late Bloomer received the account for this comment, and her review of Grammarly can be found below.

Grammarly bills itself as "the best grammar checker and proofreader" for English-language documents. As offered, Grammarly has provided me with a free, one-year subscription (automatically downgrading to a free account on May 13, 2011) to their premium service so that I can do a review of it for language-learning purposes.

They've set it up for me so that I can give that account away to one of my readers, which I will be doing sometime next week after I do the review this weekend.

Interested in getting the free account?

Regardless of what component of a language you're looking at, the basics for improving it don't change

Regardless of what part of a language I'm trying to improve in, my fundamental approach to improving my language abilities is always the same, as shown in this chart:

This chart is of course a bit simplified, but you can get more details on how this can work for grammar here and how it can work for everything else here.

When repetition does not improve memory

The above is the title of a very interesting post on TheSuperMemoryBlog, a blog written by a fan of the spaced-repetition system SuperMemo named Gérman. Although he's using SuperMemo, his post applies to any spaced-repetition system.

The crux of his post is this:

[S]ometimes repetition is ineffective in promoting learning. … [U]nder certain circumstances … [repetition] not only doesn’t help, but could even impair your recall.

Get a native-speaker tutor that speaks in the accent you want to learn

Valerie Strauss of the Washington Post writes:

According to a new research study in Israel, students learn a second language better from a teacher who speaks with the same accent as they do.

Why I think Valerie's on the wrong track, after the jump.

Vote for Street-Smart Language Learning in LexioPhiles' Top 100 Language Blogs 2010 competition

I'm honored to say that this blog has been nominated to be one of LexioPhiles' Top 100 Language Blogs of 2010 (thanks, Benny!). You can vote for this blog by clicking here or on the image above.

Are high school students wasting time learning foreign languages?

For a while now, China has been helping schools around the world employ Chinese teachers. This week, the New York Times took a stab at this topic with an article entitled "Guest-Teaching Chinese, and Learning America". How much Chinese are these students actually going to retain over the long run? Not much, according to this Chinese teacher:

“I want my students to have a sweet, sweet memory of taking Chinese,” … said [Zheng Yue, a 27-year-old woman from China who is teaching her native language to students in Lawton, Oklahoma]. “They won’t remember a lot of words, but I want them to remember the beauty of the language and the culture.”

I guess if your goal is to enhance China's soft power, that's a win, but it sounds like a fail as far as language learning goes.

And she's not the only one to question the benefits to be had by teaching languages in high school.

The false dichotomy of your first language and your second languages

On a website called Literacy News, I came across an article called "How Is Language Learnt?", which is a summary of some of the major theories of language acquisition by a native-Arabic speaker who is learning English.

It contains a nice little encapsulation of an idea that is often treated as some kind of universal truth:

When we say language acquisition, [we] mean either the first language acquisition or the second language acquisition. In this domain, we should distinguish between the first language and the second language. The first language which acquires by a very young child (mother tongue), the second language which acquires by older learners, and it includes any language which learners acquire except their first language (mother tongue).

It's this first language (1L) / second language (2L) dichotomy that I'm skeptical of. The idea generally seems to be that when you're a kid, some language becomes your first and only native language. But I don't think that's always the case.

The role of grammar: A live debate with Steve Kaufmann

A couple of weeks back, Steve asked in the comments of a post on his blog for someone to take the pro-grammar side in a debate with him. I took Steve up on the offer, and we did our little debate last week.

Steve posted the audio files of our debate last week, but since I happened to have the video as well I thought I'd make this debate the first thing on my nascent YouTube channel. I've tried to get rid of some of the repetition caused by the call getting dropped twice, so this edit's a little different than the audio recordings on Steve's site, but other than that it should be the same as the audio file—except now you can see our cherubic faces.

I agree with Steve when he noted that "I am sure we both feel that we did not get all our licks in", so I'll be revisiting a number of points raised in the debate later.

For now, here's the debate. Part 1 of 3 is below, and the other two are after the jump.

RhinoSpike: My suggestions to make getting recordings from native speakers even awesomer

In case you hadn't heard, I'm something of a fan of RhinoSpike, a website that lets you get native-speaker recordings of target language text, which you can then get in MP3 format and add to your spaced-repetition system, listen to in iTunes, etc.

As I've been using it more, it's become clearer to me the places I'd like to see improved. I'll run through them, after the jump.

How to record your audio and video chats in Skype and iChat

If you use Skype or iChat to speak with native speakers of your target language, it's probably crossed your mind before that it'd be helpful if you were able to record the conversations and then go back through them to try to figure out the things that you didn't quite get during the chats. However, Skype doesn't come with this feature right out of the box, and only the most recent version of iChat does, so you probably need some add-on software to get the job done.

Product review policy

If you page around this site for a little bit, you'll see that reviews of language-learning tools are some of the bread-and-butter posts on this site. Thus far, all reviews have been done without being requested by the companies behind the products (although in some cases the companies notified me of the product via email, probably with the hope that they'd get a review or some other publicity). However, I recently received a free copy of language-learning software to review, and Grammarly might be hooking me up with something similar, so I thought it best that I lay out my product review policy.

Grammarly: Impressive response to complaints reignites my desire to learn about their service

This post is part of a four-part series on Grammarly.

1. Grammarly: Misleading website kills my desire to learn about their service
2. Grammarly responds to my claim that their website is misleading
3. Grammarly: Impressive response to complaints reignites my desire to learn about their service
4. Grammarly responds to complaints about not disclosing their pricing

Additionally, you'll find my review of Grammarly for English-learning purposes here.

Grammarly bills itself as "the best grammar checker and proofreader" for English-language documents. Thinking that it might be useful to my English-learning readers, I thought I'd check it out. My initial impression was one of disappointment; I found the website misleading and was quick to write a post detailing my complaints. That was nine days ago.

Grammarly was quick to respond, and that led to a back-and-forth between me, Grammarly, and the commenters on this site, in which Grammarly said that they were going to make some changes to remedy the causes of the complaints.

Well, just nine days since my first post, the "first wave" of those changes has been made and, all in all, they've done an excellent job of responding in such a short period of time to the complaints that were raised.

After the jump, the email that notified me of the changes and a look at the actual changes.

Some thoughts on the shift of foreign-language learning from classrooms to the web

The concept behind Help a Reporter Out—or HARO, for short—is pretty simple. Journalists (which, according to them, includes bloggers—nice!) can submit requests for sources. Sources then get emailed all such requests, and they can pitch themselves as sources. Then it's up to the journalists to decide whether or not to use the sources.

A few months back, a friend of mine forwarded me this request for a source:

I'm looking for sources to discuss the shift of foreign language learning from classrooms and one-on-one tutoring into the online, Internet realm. Can languages be learned as well online? Why is this format gaining ground? Are high schools getting out of language teaching?

I've heard nothing since, and the journalist has posted nothing related to language learning since then, so I'm guessing that the article was killed.

In any case, I thought the questions were interesting, and, after the jump, you'll find my quick answers to the questions.

How can speakers of lesser-studied languages quickly get good input from native speakers on social language-learning websites?

Milena, a native speaker of Serbian, made a great point in the comments of my earlier post entitled "Twelve simple tips to quickly get good input from native speakers on social language-learning websites". The post emphasized how helping others learn your language can get them to help you learn theirs, but Milena points this out:

Well, this basically means that we, native speakers of languages that are not popular at all, do not have much (or good) chance when it comes to this point. :)

(I can, of course, correct basic English writing, but I wouldn't trust myself correcting someone's article usage, for example, and also, it is quite hard to find a speaking partner, since I'm not a native English speaker.)

So what's a native speaker of a language that's not widely studied to do? Well, it'll certainly be harder, but you can still pull it off by adapting the tips in that earlier post to your situation. How to do that, after the jump.

(But before I get into that, Milena, you wouldn't happen to be studying German, would you? Several posts back I got a comment from a native-German speaker who is studying Serbian. He or she posted anonymously, but I might be able to get you in touch with him or her if it'd be helpful.)

My interview on LexioPhiles

Over the past several months, LexioPhiles has been conducting a series of written interviews of language learners, with a pretty interesting format:

Please answer five (not all!) out of the following ten questions…

1. What was the first word you learned in a foreign language and how did you pick it up?


2. What are your personal top three tricks and tips when learning languages?


3. What is your favorite word of all times and why?


4. Which word do you always have trouble spelling?


5. What was the funniest situation with a linguistic misunderstanding you ever encountered?


6. What is the worst translation error you have ever made?


7. Which word is missing in your language and how would you spell it?


8. In your opinion, what is the sexiest accent and what is the reason for it?


9. Which language would you like to invent and why?


10. Which language teaching product / service / method / gadget … has impressed you the most and why?

I recently had the honor of being selected as one of their interviewees. See what questions I answered, either over on LexioPhiles, or after the jump.

How to overcome your shyness when speaking a foreign language

Reader youmetal asked in the comments on an earlier post how to overcome his shyness when speaking a foreign language.

My quick answer is to ease into it slowly, building up confidence as well as the amount you say when speaking in your foreign languages.

A proposed way to do that, using free, online resources, after the jump.

China continues its assault on Chinglish

Previously it was the Brits who were all over Chinglish, and now the New York Times has it's own coverage in an article entitled "Shanghai Is Trying to Untangle the Mangled English of Chinglish".

While I've already aired my fondness for Chinglish in my earlier post on the topic, the New York Times had a few interesting bits.

Grammarly responds to my claim that their website is misleading

This post is part of a four-part series on Grammarly.

1. Grammarly: Misleading website kills my desire to learn about their service
2. Grammarly responds to my claim that their website is misleading
3. Grammarly: Impressive response to complaints reignites my desire to learn about their service
4. Grammarly responds to complaints about not disclosing their pricing

Additionally, you'll find my review of Grammarly for English-learning purposes here.

Last week, I wrote a post entitled "Grammarly: Misleading website kills my desire to learn about their service", in which I complained about Grammarly leading me to believe that I'd be seeing grammar corrections when all I in fact got was statistics about grammar corrections, and that they took my email before letting me know that I'd have to pay to do anything more.

To Grammarly's immense credit (and in contrast to Rocket Languages, who opted to ignore complaints about their astroturfing campaign), they were quick to engage me on this, both in the comments of that post and via email. Most importantly, they indicated a willingness to remedy the issues that led to my complaints, which they believe stem from a misunderstanding, and are currently working on doing so. They hold—and, given how open they have been in engaging me, I have no reason to doubt—that they are not being intentionally misleading. All in all, their communications with me have left me with a positive image of the people behind Grammarly.

That said, even if unintentional, I remain unchanged in my opinion that their website as it stands is misleading. And I don't seem to be alone (see here, here, and here). The pattern doesn't seem to be limited to their website, either; check out the ad below:

I also note that my earlier blog post on Grammarly is currently the number one result on Google when you search for "Grammarly price", and that can't be a good sign.

After the jump, I've gathered all of my communications with Grammarly together so that you can make your own call on this. It's a long read, but you'll get some great insights into the thinking that led them to make the site what it is.

Twelve simple tips to quickly get good input from native speakers on social language-learning websites

Busuu, CorrectMyText, Livemocha, Lang-8, italki, RhinoSpike, and others. The number of language-learning websites where you rely on free help from other users is slowly but surely proliferating.

While the specifics of each site vary, what you want from other users is pretty much the same. First, you want input. Then you want good input. Then you want good input quickly.

Twelve simple tips to make that happen, after the jump.

Project Gutenberg: Get free, online books in lots of languages

Project Gutenberg (via Learn a Language) "is the place where you can download over 30,000 free ebooks". They've got the complete text for numerous books that are in the public domain.

And their books cover lots of different languages. The languages with the most books are Chinese (405), Dutch (477), English (26,942), Finnish (527), French (1,593), German (675), Italian (238), Portuguese (426), and Spanish (284), but there are plenty of others there as well. As with LibriVox (which serves up audio books for books that are in the public domain, as covered here), because these books are all in the public domain, they tend to be old, so you probably won't be getting the most recent lingo in any of these languages.

Speaking of LibriVox, Project Gutenberg is in fact working with LibriVox (in multiple languages) and LiteralSystems (almost all in English) to get audio books of their ebooks. Go to Project Gutenberg's audio book page and search for the language of your choice to see what they've got. For English learners, they've also got a bunch of computer-generated audio books, but I'd stick with the human-read audio books if you can.

Anki + RhinoSpike = Utter awesomeness: Copy and paste MP3's URL and Anki does the rest

I've been giving my workflow using free, online tools to cover reading, writing, listening, and speaking a spin, and I just got to the step that requires me to add my recordings to my spaced-repetition system, Anki.

I began Googling around for an easy way to do this, and I quickly found this great tip on Spanish Only. Let me lay out the [sarcasm] long, complicated [/sarcasm] process for you. It goes like this:

1. Copy the URL of your audio file.
2. Paste the URL of the audio file into an Anki field.

Yes, that is all you need to do. Anki will then do all the heavy lifting, first converting the URL into an Anki-friendly text string and then downloading the file so you have it sitting on your computer.

So where do you get those audio files? You haven't already forgotten yet about RhinoSpike, have you? Here's a list of all of my audio requests on RhinoSpike. Most of those posted yesterday are the vocabulary words from a Japanese article I read. Click on the "Listen" button next to any of those requests, and you'll get a list of recordings. Next to each recording is an "MP3" button. Click that, and you've got your URL, ready to copy and paste into Anki.

Why I find grammar study to be a valuable use of time

Steve Kaufmann just put out a podcast on his blog entitled "Why I find grammar study largely a waste of time". Unlike my last contrarian title, which I intended to be more provocative than anything else, I actually stand fully behind this one.

As background, my approach to grammar can be found here, and a comparison of my approach to Steve's can be found here.

Why I largely disagree with what Steve's saying in his podcast, after the jump.

It takes 15-20 exposures to learn a word

In an article on VOA News, Catherine Snow of Harvard's Graduate School of Education gives us some numbers on how many exposures you need to a word before you learn it:

In order to have a high probability of learning a word, you need to encounter it fifteen, twenty times.

Grammarly: Misleading website kills my desire to learn about their service

This post is part of a four-part series on Grammarly.

1. Grammarly: Misleading website kills my desire to learn about their service
2. Grammarly responds to my claim that their website is misleading
3. Grammarly: Impressive response to complaints reignites my desire to learn about their service
4. Grammarly responds to complaints about not disclosing their pricing

Additionally, you'll find my review of Grammarly for English-learning purposes here.

It's pretty rare for a language-learning tool to annoy me enough that I feel the need to write a post about it. But Grammarly has managed to do just that.

I saw Grammarly recently advertised on some language-learning site I was on. It's supposed to automatically check English-language text for grammar and other various mistakes. I thought it sounded interesting, so I clicked through the ad. On their home page, I see this big welcoming button telling me to "Get Started Now!", and noting in little tiny letters below that no registration is required.

"No registration required? Great!", I thought, and clicked on the button.

Watch me get annoyed by, receive an email from, and then write an email back to Grammarly, after the jump.

Getting to Grammar: Comparing my method with Steve Kaufmann's method

Steve and I have been having a bit of an interesting back-and-forth on how to approach grammar. It started with my post entitled If you want accurate grammar quickly, Steve Kaufmann's method is not for you, and then moved over to the comments section of a tangentially related post on his blog.

The back-and-forth actually led me to think that we're a bit closer in our approaches than my earlier post suggested, so I thought I'd pull together all of the relevant comments into one place and then offer some further comparisons of our methods, making use of a few rough graphs. The fun begins, after the jump.

Getting to Grammar: Learn grammar through an ad hoc spaced-repetition system

Extracted from the current manuscript of the book, to the right you'll find the meat of how my preferred method for learning grammar works, in convenient flow chart format.

As with learning any piece of knowledge, you'll learn a grammar rule best through spaced repetitions. As such, through much trial and much (much, much, much...) error, I've found that combining a wide variety of repetitions works best. Although the repetitions do not have any systematic spacing based on a forgetting curve as spaced-repetition systems are supposed to, there should be enough repetitions here to get the rules in your head.

Let's take a walk through that flow chart, after the jump.

Why output trumps input in language learning

OK, so I don't really think that output trumps input, but I thought I'd lead off with a contrarian title vis-à-vis Steve Kaufmann's post entitled Why input trumps output in language learning. Some amount of input necessarily needs to come before you can produce any output, but saying one trumps the other is like saying reading blogs trumps writing blogs; sure, you can learn a lot by reading blogs, but you'll only be getting your message out there once you start writing one. (And, incidentally, in either case, you'll be getting exposure to a language.)

The reason I went with a contrarian title was because, when I read Steve's post, I thought that most of his arguments for input learning could easily be changed to serve as arguments for getting into output sooner rather than later. Below I've edited Steve's post to show how easily those arguments can be turned in the other direction. I've tried to edit as little as possible. Some of the changes work better than others, and some even work surprisingly well, but they all go to my main point here, which is that early output is a good thing.

What does a foreign language sound like to a non-native speaker, Benny Lava?

According to this Italian parody of a 60s/70s English-language pop song (via Fluent Every Year), it might just sound like gibberish...



I was about ready to write the English subtitles for that video, but who needs to add English subtitles to English-mimicking gibberish when you can add it to a completely foreign language?

This Tamil-language video, which has been floating around the internets for some time now, shows us via soramimi that a foreign language might just sound surprisingly like a very humorous version of your own language.

Is it possible to become fluent in just three months? Yes. Will Benny pull it off in Germany? Probably not.

One of the points of contention in the ongoing back-and-forth between Steve Kaufmann and Benny the Irish Polyglot is whether Benny can truly pull off fluency in three months. Specifically, Benny is in Berlin studying German right now and will deem himself fluent if he can pass a really hard German test and if he can fool native speakers for 30 seconds that he is a Berliner.

Jelly donuts aside, Kennedy didn't fool anyone.

Here's what Steve thinks of Benny's plan:

Sounding like a native and amassing enough vocab to pass a difficult exam is impossible IMHO. Senseless hype.

I can confidently state that this is not impossible; I myself did with Portuguese exactly what Benny is trying to do with German. (And that's not even getting into wunderkinds like Daniel Tammet.) That said, I'm doubtful that Benny can pull this off in Berlin because there are some very important differences between his situation in Germany and mine in Brazil that will make it a harder task for him to accomplish than it was for me.

A single workflow to make use of online language-learning tools

There are so many language-learning resources out there on the web, it's kind of tough to figure out how to make use of them all. In looking at how I'm using these tools myself, I put together the following little process to incorporate many of the language-learning tools I've been using into a single workflow:

Oh, and this workflow is completely free.

Let's walk through this, after the jump.

Getting to Grammar: If you want accurate grammar quickly, Steve Kaufmann's method is not for you

This is the best our graphics department could do.

The great language-learning blogosphere battle of the day has been Steve "The Inputter" Kaufmann v. Benny "The Haxor". The latest salvo in this battle comes from Steve:

In my view, there are three divergent approaches to language learning, divergent in terms of their emphasis or principal focus. This is true whether we learn in the classroom, online or on the street. One approach focuses on input, another on output, and a third on what I would call shortcuts and some people call language-hacking techniques. These techniques include grammar study, studying vocab lists and phrase books, heavy use of flash cards, "deconstructing the language", memory techniques, and so forth.

I don't think Steve's division has it right at all. As I noted in my last post, output is input. In other words, it's all just exposure. From there, the only thing you need to think about is what kind of exposure you need to get in order to burn the language into your brain as efficiently as possible.

And efficiency leads me to one of my main points of disagreement with Steve: grammar.

This is your brain on languages.

The image you see here is a visualization (which is obviously not comprehensive) of how a given piece of information in a language might get lodged into your brain. The piece of information could be anything: a vocabulary word, a grammar rule, pronunciation, a character, etc.

Every one of those lines emanating from the piece of information connects with one kind of exposure. The more exposures you get, the more connections your brain draws to that piece of information. The more repetitions of a given kind of exposure, the stronger that exposure becomes (imagine the lines getting thicker with each exposure). The stronger and more plentiful your exposures are, the more likely you are to remember the piece of information.

Exposure to a language can be largely divided into reading, listening, writing, and speaking. It doesn't matter if an exposure is via reading/listening (i.e., input from an external source) or writing/speaking (i.e, output to an external target). These traditional ideas of "output" and "input" are both input as far as your brain is concerned.

Output is input.

iTalki is taking on Lang-8 by letting you get your foreign-language writing corrected for free

iTalki just announced that they've added features that make iTalki into yet another place where you can get your foreign-language writing corrected online for free.

From their post:

Have you ever wanted to write something and get help correcting it? Now you can write a short post in your Notebook, and get other italki members to correct and comment on it.

They kind of make it sound like they're doing something completely new, huh?

Their system is fairly straight-forward, where the text is copied to a comment window below and you can format it to show your corrections. Their correction interface isn't quite as good as Lang-8's, but I certainly can't complain about having yet another place to get my writing corrected for free.

Get Cramberry (spaced-repetition app) for iPad and iPhone for free (U.S. residents only)

I've mentioned before that my current go-to spaced-repetition system is Anki, but there are a lot of other options out there, including well-known systems such as Smart.fm, Mnemosyne, and SuperMemo.

Another contender in the field is Cramberry. What's kept me from making more use of Cramberry is that you can only study 30 cards per day in the free version of their web app. That said, they're doing a promotion right now that will get U.S. residents their iPad apps for free, and the first 50 people to download the iPad app can also get their iPhone app for free. And I'm guessing that those apps, which currently cost $2.99 (iPad) and $4.99 (iPhone), don't have the any study count limitations, even when you're getting them for free.

Get your free apps, after the jump.

Get ebooks with audio for free on LibriVox

LibriVox bills itself as "acoustical liberation of books in the public domain". Translated from that cute catch phrase back to English, that means they have audio book versions of books that are in the public domain, with links to the textual versions as well.

Use Lang-8 and Cinch to get your foreign-language speech corrected

I previously explained how to use Lang-8 and Snapvine to get recordings of your foreign-language speech corrected. Unfortunately, Snapvine is going out of business tomorrow, but Cinch comes through to let you do pretty much the exact same thing.

How to do it, after the jump.

Get audio recordings of any foreign language text for free

Earlier, I told you about how to get foreign-language text read to you online for free through computer-generated text-to-speech software. Text-to-speech software still doesn't quite pull off completely native language, so wouldn't it be great if you could actually get a native speaker to record some audio for you?

That's the whole concept behind RhinoSpike, a new, completely free website launched on Thursday by Thomas Hjelm and Peter Carroll, the two guys behind the language-learning blog Babelhut.

YouTube videos automatically captioned in English

If you're learning English and wondering where you can get video with subtitles, look no further than your friendly neighborhood YouTube. Google is launching some new features on YouTube that will make for some good language-learning resources for those whose target language is English. In particular:

1. For selected English video content, YouTube is implementing automatic captioning.


2. For all English video content, YouTube is implementing that ability for video owners to automatically caption their video by simply uploading a transcript of the video (YouTube will do all the work in terms of putting the captions in the right place).

Uploaded transcripts should in theory be perfect, but how about auto captioning? According to Google:

The captions will not always be perfect … but even when they're off, they can still be helpful—and the technology will continue to improve with time.

Although I haven't tried it out, it seems like the owner of the video can edit the caption files, so there appears to be a means to correct incorrect machine captioning. It'd also be great if this was opened up in some way to crowd source, but that doesn't seem available at this point.

For you English learners, consider yourself lucky to have this tool available to you. For the rest of us, let's keep an eye out for Google expanding this to other languages.

Links:
Automatic captions in YouTube [The Official Google Blog]
YouTube Expands Auto-Captioning Program [WebProNews]
YouTube Launches Auto-Captions For All Videos [TechCrunch]